Day 1 :
Keynote Forum
Roche Penafuerte Ruiz
KJR Dental Center Incorporated, Philippines
Keynote: Dr.
Time : 08:45-09:15
Biography:
Roche Penafuerte Ruiz is the President / CEO of KJR Dental Center Incorporated.
Abstract:
Dental Marketing: “BMEG approach”
This interesting topic of marketing has been at the international convention of dentistry In the last 35 years. Dental marketing
provides an in and out approach in building your Practice and expanding it via proven structures.
Inside the program:
• Build your dental practice
• Market your dental practice
• Expand & grow your dental practice
The objective of the lecture:
• The lecturer’s objective is to be able to share and help each and every practicing
• Dentists achieve its full potential using his researches as the reference for strategies that
• Will suit his/her clinic vision and mission.
Biography:
James L Ratcliff is Chairman and CEO of Rowpar Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Scottsdale, AZ, maker of the Dentists Choice and CloSYS brands of oral care products. In
2014, Rowpar received the U.S. Small Business Administration’s Exporter of the Year Award. In 2017, Rowpar has received the Arizona Fast Track Leader Award.
From 1989 to 2000, he served as the senior research scientist, professor, and director, Center for the Study of Higher Education at the Pennsylvania State University.
From 1979 to 1989, he was the professor and program head for higher education at Iowa State University. He is an author of 120 articles, books, book chapters, is
co-inventor on over 24 patents and patents pending. He is an active member of the Arizona Biotechnology Assn., American Academy of Oral and Systemic Health,
American Education Research Assn. and the International Association for Dental Research. He holds a PhD in Higher Education from Washington State University,
a M.A. in History from Washington State University and a B.A. from Utah State University.
Abstract:
Consumer centric marketing in dentistry
Marketing in dentistry and medicine is rapidly changing. Thanks to the ready availability of information and consumer
reviews on the internet, patients are no longer passive participants in their own oral care. Instead, increasingly they come
to the doctor, dentist, hygienist and nurse with questions about treatment plans and oral care products. Consumer-centric
marketing re-envisions how dental products will be selected and used in the future. A quick examination of the domestic oral
care market reveals a confusing array of over 300 toothpaste from which the consumer is to make a choice for home oral care.
Major brands offer a confusing array of choices leaving both the consumer and the dental professional unable to readily associate
one particular product with the specific needs of the individual consumer. Rowpar has taken a different path. It begins with
the consumer rather than the product features. We seek to deliver that “OMG” moment where the consumer or patient realizes
that CloSYS products are perfect companions to their own health and wellness and are specific, immediate remedies for their
personal needs. This involves locating consumers and professionals on a single indication, such as oral sores or heart health,
finding out where they search for information on that indication and then using those existing avenues to communicate directly
with the patient. The end result, ideally, is person-product fit which leads to great consumer loyalty and increased professional
satisfaction that we are helping people get well as stay well. What does it mean to have a person-product fit or a person-service
fit for dentistry and dental products? The presentation concludes with lessons learned, applications to the practice setting and
the dental products space and how they might fit into new standards of care and of quality.
Keynote Forum
Sonya Dunbar
Mobile Dental Xpress Wellness and Nutrition, USA
Keynote: Dr.
Time : 09:45-10:15
Biography:
Sonya Dunbar, also known as the Geriatric Tooth fairy is a registered Dental Hygienist she has and over 25 years of dental experience in private practice, skilled
nursing facilities, academia and marketing and has proudly served her country in the United States Navy. For the last 15 years, she worked in long-term care facilities
both as a Dental Hygienist providing clinical treatment and as a staff trainer providing in-services and hands-on training to the staff and we cannot forget her very
entertaining seminars packed with valuable information on Geriatric oral care. That experience has afforded her the opportunity to learn the concerns, desires, needs
and expectations of patients and their families as well as those of facility staff and administration. Her experience also created a desire in her to do things better to
improve the quality of care and level of customer service provided to residents, staff and administration of long-term care facilities.
Abstract:
How dirty teeth and tongues are killing our geriatric population
In my 15 plus years working as a dental hygienist in long-term care facilities, I have seen the most reprehensible oral care
imaginable. I have witnessed dentures that had not been removed or cleaned in years. I have seen tube-fed residents who had
not had their teeth brushed in months because of the staff’s failure to see the necessity of providing oral home care. I recently
treated a patient who had so much tartar build up on his lower anterior teeth that he could not close his mouth or properly
chew his food. I have listened to the countless, heart-wrenching accounts of elders so embarrassed by their dental condition
that they were ashamed to smile or even let me examine their mouths. Dental health plays a significant role in mental and
emotional health and well-being. Therefore, caregiver provision of proper oral homecare helps maintain the dignity of the
geriatric community. Whether the neglect is due to caregivers’ lack of knowledge or lack of compassion, the result is detrimental
to the systemic health of the elderly. Uncontrolled oral bacteria can lead to pneumonia, diabetes, strokes and heart attacks. It has
even been linked to Alzheimer’s disease. Frequently, cognitive impairment intensifies preexisting oral problems. For instance,
elders with Alzheimer’s typically have poor oral care and a higher incidence of oral diseases. The most deplorable aspect of this
situation is the fact that it is readily preventable. The quality of life and systemic health of residents in long-term care facilities
can be significantly improved by simple, consistent and effective oral care practices.
Keynote Forum
David Gillam
Barts and the London School of Medicine QMUL, UK
Keynote: Dr.
Time : 10:15-10:45
Biography:
David G Gillam graduated as a dentist from the University of Edinburgh, Scotland in 1977 and following postgraduate studies he was recognized as a Specialist
Periodontist in 1998. Prior to joining QMUL in 2009, he gained extensive clinical experience working in general dental practice, community and academic dentistry. He
also worked in the Consumer Healthcare Industry and is currently a Senior Clinical Lecturer at QMUL. His main research interests are in the area of Periodontology
as well as working with Professor Robert Hill in the development of novel products for treating dental problems. He is a co-founder of Biomin Technologies Ltd., UK.
Abstract:
Management of post-operative sensitivity following periodontal treatment
Post-operative sensitivity may occur following both non-surgical and surgical procedures. Other complications in the soft
tissues of the oral cavity have also been reported following treatment. Traditionally data has been collected on the prevalence
or incidence of root dentine hypersensitivity (RDH) or root sensitivity (RS) using pain scores such as a Visual Analogue Scale
(VAS) or Verbal Descriptors. These studies often evaluate the effects of professionally applied or recommended treatments such
as, desensitizing varnishes, prophylaxis polishing pastes etc or assessing the effectiveness of the various flap designs with or
without adjustive materials to cover exposed root surfaces resulting from the gingival recession. Relatively few studies assess
the effects of periodontal procedures on the quality of life of those individuals receiving these procedures. From the available
published data, there is some evidence that the discomfort experienced during both non-surgical and surgical procedures is
relatively mild and transient in nature. For example, several systematic reviews have reported that the reported prevalence of
RDH/RS is relatively high immediately following a non-surgical procedure with the reported discomfort gradually decreasing
within two weeks. A similar picture emerges following surgical periodontal procedures with the discomfort gradually
diminishing over an eight-week period. Currently, there are a plethora of both professionally applied and home use products
available for the management of post-operative sensitivity following periodontal procedures. This presentation will review
the available literature and provide information on the prevalence of the condition, its aetiology and causal factors, as well as
practical recommendations for the clinical management of the problem.
Biography:
Ahmed Ali Ghorab Pro-active and results-oriented in his education. Currently enrolled in the School of Dentistry, Nahda University. Well-disciplined with proven ability
to manage multiple assignments efficiently under extreme pressure while meeting tight deadlines. Known for his adequate planning and effective communication
can see the big picture and plan his work to achieve results. He is looking for getting an opportunity to study masters in an American University. Accepted in many
local and international scholarships. Obtained several internships from Egyptian and international institutions. Interested in attending international conferences in
dentistry and other fields .Holds many awards and honors from the university. Interested in traveling and discover other countries. He has three years' experience in
teamwork. He wishes to offer humanity a useful science that helps to cure the incurable diseases and to immortalization my name beside scientists forever.
Abstract:
Dentistry in Egypt and the role of social media and scientific references in learning for Arab dental students
As the free encyclopedia "Wikipedia" reported: Dentistry has a long history in Egypt where the dental profession emerged
as early as 3000 BC. Dentistry is taught in public and private universities in Egypt, there is a syndicate for all dentists who
organize work in dental clinics in cooperation with the Ministry of Health. Dentists complete a 5-year study plus a year of
practice in dental or public hospitals in the country. Most public universities give bachelors, masters and doctorate degrees in
all areas of dentistry. However, getting a graduate degree in orthodontics is a bit difficult according to many dental practitioners
in general in Egypt. The number of public and private dental colleges reached 33 which is the highest rate of dentistry colleges
compared to the world population whereas the UK has 28 colleges, India has 22, China has 27 and the US has 30. There is also
a plan for the Ministry of Higher Education to open 5 new public and private colleges. Dentistry is developing significantly in
Egypt and there is an increase in the demand for it annually. The web portal "Masrawy" reported that of 2007, there were 28,000
dentists and from 2007 to 2017, they became 64,000 dentists, more than doubling in ten years. Since 2011 it has been observed
that many dental students rely on learning through social media. When conducting a random referendum among several
Egyptian university students, it was noticed that the percentage of dependence on social media reaches 70%, YouTube has been
ranked first where several university professors publish practical videos through their channels for practical study especially for
the first two years in the bachelor's degree in addition to the rest of the years. Facebook is ranked second where there are many
doctors and students to publish useful topics for learning across the groups and pages for undergraduate and graduate students
and sometimes videos are broadcast live. Online websites topped the third place and Twitter the last. Several students also rely
on the use of scientific references as a means of in-depth understanding and acquisition of more information. It was noted
that 80% of the Egyptian students depend on the references of overseas universities. I have been created a statistic for many
students and dentists about why they choose the dentistry and how can a dentist service humans? Also, they have been asked
about what they expect about what dentistry will provide the world in the next ten years and their ideas and points of views
about improving learning and reducing difficulties in dentistry. Conferences are one of the important things and all Egyptian
universities organize conferences throughout the year and It was observed the increase in the number of attendances, especially
from students in particular. For example, my university in the last year, the number of attendances in the second conference was
increased by 500 than the first conference and in the regional scientific conference by doctors syndicate in cooperation with my
university, the number of the delegates reached 3000.
Biography:
Jan Wade Gilbert is the Founder and Owner of WIAN Industries.
Abstract:
We know that the ancient Egyptians used dental implants
The idea of implants is not new. What’s exciting is the evolution of the procedure. The implants themselves and the
technology and understanding to place them are, today, on a totally elevated scientific plane and the most dramatic piece
of the advancement is the dental CAT scan. Now we can enter the surgical sight virtually and explore and scrutinize the area
before we actually enter it. We can design the surgery so it is uneventful, swift and successful. So, why do implants fail? For the
same reason the natural teeth failed and the etiologic factors that caused the loss of the natural teeth were never addressed and/
or never addressed well. Whereas the surgical aspects of the implant scene have progressed to digitalization, flat panels and
pixels, the clinical concepts have remained in the early 1800’s. This brings us to the next concept. We begin by stating that we do
not believe nature makes design errors – certainly not on a wholesale basis. So, the factory installed equipment with which we
were born should function rather well and if it doesn’t, it is not a design error but a factor of not feeding those biological systems
what they need, in order to do what they were programmed to do: namely, keep us healthy and well. If you see something you
should not see or feel something you should not feel, it is an indication that body systems are not functioning as they should for
if they were, you would not see or feel that. Thus the term Quin’talano (the essence of science): Keen observation with a trained
eye and deft interpretation with an educated mind. Probably the best known story as an example of Quin’talano is the discovery
of penicillin by Alexander Fleming. Here we have the first of the 2 topics for consideration: The Examination. The change here
is from a dental examination to an oral examination. This new examination adds just 2 minutes of real time to whatever is your
routine examination and exposes a plethora of crucial information never before evaluated thus giving you a comprehensive
picture of your patient supported by evidence of vital importance and elevating the dentist in the health care hierarchy to higher
levels of prestige, aura, responsibility and dignity; commensurate with a dramatic increase in income without adding additional
time, effort or staff. Also, no new equipment is needed but new thinking is a must.
Biography:
Ray Caruso is the CEO of Lone Peak Dental Group, USA.
Abstract:
Big data? Big deal… what do I do with it?
We all have the luxury of big data surrounding every aspect of our dental offices including new patient visits, average
production per visit, cost per acquired patient, twelve-month production average and patient-to-patient referral
numbers. We all spend millions of dollars annually on SEO, pay-per-click, direct mail and anything else to get the phone to
ring. We see our results daily, weekly and monthly but can’t seem to move the needle. We know why it’s important and how it
is useful for improving operations. But how do you make it just as important to the working dentist at your practices? What’s
the best delivery method so you can build value in your brand and improve your relationship with your providers? And finally,
how do you get buy in from the teams so you can stop spinning your wheels? Ray Caruso brings his unique presentation style of
humor mixed with straight-forward common sense, to answer the questions we all want to know. His experience working with a
variety of payor-mix offices throughout his career prepares all owners, leaders and teams to unpack office cultures, know doctor
and team agendas and deliver on execution and change. You will walk away with the ability to not only interpret and understand
data but have tools and concepts to create an action that makes a difference. Ray Caruso is the CEO of Lone Peak Dental
Group, a collection of specialty dental practices throughout the United States. His early days with Heartland Dental shaped his
business acumen and provided the basis for his growth into new operational roles. He later joined Decision One in Chicago as
their COO, tripling their revenue and profits in three years. Finding and getting the most out of amazing people is his greatest
strength. At Lone Peak Dental, he built an infrastructure necessary to support and grow it into a $70million dollar company.
Keynote Forum
Anand Suresh
Penang International Dental College, Malaysia
Keynote: Dr.
Time : 15:00-15:30
Biography:
Anand Suresh graduated with a Bachelor of Dental surgery in 2008 and went on to complete his Masters in Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics from India in 2012.
He is a fellow in the International College of Dentists. He has 6 years of clinical experience in esthetic dentistry and rotary endodontics and during this time he has
trained both undergraduate and postgraduate students in India & Malaysia. Teaching has always been his passion and he has a keen interest in training dentists in
esthetic dentistry. He is currently working as assistant professor in a private sector in Malaysia.
Abstract:
Update on esthetic dentistry
An organized and systematic approach is required to evaluate, diagnose and resolve esthetic problems predictably. It is
of prime importance that the final result is not dependent only on the looks alone. Our ultimate goal as clinicians is to
achieve pleasing composition in the smile by creating an arrangement of various esthetic elements. This presentation reviews
the various principles that govern the art of smile designing. This presentation will provide a basic knowledge to the reader to
bring out a functional stable smile.
Keynote Forum
A Nayeemullah Khan
Meenakshi Ammal Cental College, India
Keynote: Dr.
Time : 15:30-16:00
Biography:
A Nayeemullah Khan completed his under-graduation & post-graduation from Meenakshi Ammal Dental College, Chennai. He is presently working as an assistant
professor in the Department of Orthodontics and has acquired clinical experience in treating cleft & craniofacial patients under “The Cleft-Children International”-
Switzerland (CCI) regional center. He has shown great interest in treating orthognathic patients and is a very active member of the craniofacial team. He has
presented various national & international papers in craniofacial orthodontics. In 2016, he was invited as an International Speaker by the Global Conference On
dental and oral health held at Dubai to deliver a lecture on SFOA (Surgery First Orthognathic Approach). He had the distinction of being the only Indian speaker
& his work was recognized & published in various National & Regional newspapers. In 2017, he was again invited as an International Speaker by the 29th Annual
World Dental Congress to deliver a scientific paper presentation at New York, USA, for which, he was felicitated by the Honorable Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu,
Mr. Edappadi Palaniswamy, which was also published in various National & Regional newspapers. He has published various articles in orthodontic journals. He is
a vivid, resourceful, creative, solution-oriented member of the team. The confidence which he shows in facing the varieties of challenges put forth against him had
brought praises from the members of the Cleft and Craniofacial Orthodontic Team. An enthusiastic clinician, he is always looking for greater challenges and stronger
competitions both nationally and internationally. He works effectively as a team member under the direction of other team leaders. His career in the institution and
work in the surgical team truly reflects his academic standing.
Abstract:
A critical appraisal of SFOA as compared to traditional surgical orthodontics: A short-term experience demonstrated through clinical cases
Orthognathic surgery is gaining more positive response in India over the recent years owing to the increase in awareness of
facial esthetics as the priority in undergoing treatment for skeletal malocclusions. Worsening of facial appearance during
the period of pre-surgical orthodontics has been the reason for the shift towards a surgery first approach in the management of
dentofacial deformities. A universal method for the use of surgery first process is difficult to adapt as the majority of patients
worldwide treated by “surgery first” approach belong to skeletal Class III malocclusion. On the contrary, the Indian population
showed diversity in ethnic facial pattern and Presented more skeletal Class I and Class II malocclusions. The objective of this
paper is to highlight differences in treatment planning and execution of surgical first approach in severe skeletal Class I, Class II
and Class III malocclusions and compare them to the conventional orthodontics first approach through ideal clinical scenarios
and also critically evaluate the early results achieved.
- Dental Marketing | Dental Marketing Trends | Dental Marketing Strategies | Dentistry | Dentistry | Orthodontics | Esthetic Dentistry | Endodontics | Cosmotic Dentistry | Clinal Evalution | New Technolgies in Dentistry Treatments
Location: Pollar Ditson
Chair
Jan Wade Gilbert
Wian Industries Long Beach, USA
Co-Chair
Roche Penafuerte Ruiz
KJR Dental Center Incorporated, Philippines
Session Introduction
Melissa Kelly Senedin
Senedin Clinical, Brazil
Title: Transdermal nanostructureds teroids replacement therapy: Novel protocol for TMJ
Time : 11:30-11:55
Biography:
Melissa Kelly Senedin has completed her MS in health biotechnology from Potiguar University and postgraduate in implant and endodontics. She is the owner
Senedin Clinical, since 2001.
Abstract:
Transdermal nanostructured STE Roi DS replacement therapy: Novel protocol for TMJ disorders
Temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD), which limits muscle function, has a significant impact on quality of life, may
present as a pain that often limits function and sometimes is accompanied by a decrease in the opening of the mouth, pain,
buccal locking: Closed or opening. The intrauterine device (IUD) with levonorgestrel, is used in birth control, heavy menstrual
periods and to prevent excessive build-up of the lining of the uterus in estrogen replacement therapy with levonorgestrel
hormone, leads to a hormonal decompensating, with serious consequences for women, such as: increased risk of Deep Venous
Thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism, increased risk of myocardial infarction and other side effects. Steroid hormones
perform various functions throughout the body as well as the stomatognathic system, contributing to the improvement of pain
and inflammation. Rebalancing them allows you to return the proper physiology to the patient. Studies show that millions
of women in the world use contraceptive method with progestogen hormones, one of them is the intrauterine device with
levonorgestrel, in which they present a significant increase of the risk in all its organism, by its systemic action due to the
inhibition of hypothalamus-pituitary axis and ovary, as action maintains the levels of LH (Luteinizanate hormone) and FSH:
Follicle Stimulating Hormone. The new proposed protocol for TMJ pain and mobility, which consisted in the removal of Diu
Mirena and replacement of steroidal nanoemulsion hormones with progesterone, testosterone and vitamin D3, proved to be
effective, as it significantly restored serum levels of patients.
Manuela Bafini Fonseca
UNESP-Sao Paulo State University, Brazil
Title: Mechanized skinbooster technique with anesthesia without needles
Time : 11:55-12:20
Biography:
Manuela Bafini Fonseca completed her master's degree in endodontics at the age of 27 from UNESP - Sao Paulo State University and doctoral studies from the
same university in periodontology. Since then she has given courses in the area of orofacial harmonization throughout Brazil with the BMS team
Abstract:
Mechanized skinbooster technique with anesthesia without needles
The concept of a booster is nothing more than that some active function as an "enhancer", therefore a concept applied to
potentiate a treatment. The selected material was the solution of hyaluronic acid from the next pharmacy composed of
several substances that will act in the process of improving the quality of the skin. The application protocol is the use of comfort
in which is a powerful alternative to solve problems related to the use of injections (needleless injection devices). They allow
the administration of drugs, such as anesthetics to the skin, non-invasively, through high-speed jets. The anesthetic used was
articaine, the selected points of analgesia supra and infraorbital and the region of mentonian. The product is delivered by
another device called dermashot, a computerized injection system that delivers it at the desired speed and quantity.
Maria Eugenia Bianconsini
Braz Cubas University, Brazil
Title: Bianconsini lips filler protocol: Naturality, proportion and lips joviality
Time : 12:20-12:45
Biography:
Maria Eugenia Bianconsini from Figueiredo Dias: Dentist twice a winner in the categories "Joao Sampaio Dorio Award for Best Academic Performance" and "Dra
Desiree Cavalcanti prize for first place in scientific work", graduated from Braz Cubas University and postgraduate in Orthodontics by APCD-Mogi das Cruzes. Is
also certified in Professional abilities in orofacial harmonization by Harvard Medical School University-Boston, USA. Professor of orofacial harmonization courses
in Brazil and Chile, she is certified in several courses of national and international orofacial harmonization".
Abstract:
Bianconsini lips filler protocol: Naturality, proportion, and lips joviality
The lips are anatomical units of extreme importance in orofacial aesthetics; its characteristics and dimensions when framed
in golden proportion, provide connotations of youth, sensuality, and beauty. Like the skin, the lips are subject to extrinsic
and intrinsic factors which are responsible for aging over the years: The lips narrow lose volume, definition, and contour,
resulting in visible signs. In addition to the appearance of aging, anatomical features that differ from the beauty pattern such
as narrow, disproportionate lips, with present mentholabial grooves, downward-facing labial commissures, with no contours
boundary, filter, and bow of the cupid, impair the harmony of the face and make the patient look older. By using the exclusive
Bianconsini Lips Filler Protocol technique, it is possible to reestablish and/or sculpt these labial features and adjacent regions
respecting the naturality of these anatomical regions through patients individual anatomical study, establishing the correct
indications of each case and the upper lip volume respecting the individual anatomy of each tuber, well-defined contours in
strategically delimited areas giving a three-dimensional and natural effect, greater volume in the center of the lips and smaller
near the commissures, the volume of the lower lip and its tubers separated by a central groove present, where the central tuber of
the upper lip should lodge, lip corners facing upwards, filter and bow of the cupid well delimited in order to harmonize the
patients face, thus ensuring a more natural and youthful appearance.
Manju Natarajan
Merrimack College, USA
Title: Intersection of technology and dentistry: Emerging major breakthroughs
Time : 12:45-13:10
Biography:
Manju Natarajan is a foreign trained dentist and she has over 3.5years of dental experience in India and has also volunteered 1000+hours with various organizations
in both India and the US. Her research experience includes oral health, technology and diabetes
Abstract:
Intersection of technology and dentistry: Emerging major breakthroughs
Technological advancements in dentistry such as VELscope, Digital X-rays, Laser dentistry needs no introduction to the
dental community and it is hard to imagine a dental office without such technologies but modern technologies powered
by artificial intelligence and big data is paving way for even more advancements that would not only make a dentists life easy
but make it a pleasant visit for patients and a more productive environment for office staff. This poster attempts to explore the
application of technologies such as robotics and its role in implantology/dental assisting, virtual reality and its role in treating
dental anxiety and augmented reality for treatment pre-visualization in a dental office. Although these advancements are in
various stages of maturity and it could be some time before widespread deployment is seen, it is important to openly debate the
pros and cons of such technological applications. This poster is expected to trigger a spark in such conversations.
- Dental Parctice | Digital Marketing - New Trends & Technologies | Dental Implants | Cosmetic Dentistry | Orthodontics
Location: Pollar Ditson
Chair
Jan Wade Gilbert
Wian Industries Long Beach, USA
Co-Chair
Roche Penafuerte Ruiz
KJR Dental Center Incorporated, Philippines
Session Introduction
Nourah Abdul Kader
Dr. MGR Medical University, India
Title: Innovative applications of digital marketing in the dental patient interaction lifecycle
Time : 16:15-16:40
Biography:
Nourah Abdul Kader has completed her degree in Bachelor of Dental Surgery at the age of 23 years from The Tamil Nadu Dr. MGR Medical University, Chennai,
India. She has also completed a Basic Implantology course. She is a triple gold medalist, holding a GPA of 4.0 and has received the Best Academic Performer
Award during the academic period 2012-17. She has presented papers and posters in various National and International conferences for which she has won laurels.
She has written an article on 3D printing in dentistry after exploring the influence it has on modern digital dentistry.
Abstract:
Innovative applications of digital marketing in the dental patient interaction lifecycle
The patient interaction lifecycle for dentistry involves several touch points that make this process more intricate and
engaging compared to several other service industries. The various steps are identification, appointment making, reminder,
appointment modifications, rapport formation, treatment planning, recall & review, prophylaxis appointments, emergency
care, oral health education and anticipatory guidance. While digital marketing has only been viewed as a tool as for visibility
and therefore customer acquisition, its fundamentals can be applied to enhance the experience of the entire patient journey
and nurturing. SEO principles, Schema.org frameworks, Digital prompts, Tokens using decision trees and voice recognition,
digital dashboard monitoring, notification management, decision nurturing and email positioning, prescription APIs and
anticipation research through marketing analytics tools. This paper emphasizes the application of these principles in each step
of patient-dentist interaction.
Eduard Babulak
National Science Foundation, USA
Title: Future smart dental practice for the third millennium
Time : 16:40-17:05
Biography:
Eduard Babulak is an accomplished international scholar, researcher, consultant, educator, professional engineer and polyglot, with more than thirty years of
experience. His research was cited by scholars all over the world. He serves as chair of the IEEE Vancouver Ethics, professional and conference committee.
His academic and engineering work was recognized internationally by the Engineering Council in the UK, the European Federation of Engineers and credited by the
Ontario Society of Professional Engineers and APEG in British Columbia in Canada. He was awarded higher postdoctoral degree DOCENT - Doctor of Science
(DSc) in the Czech Republic, Ph.D., MSc and High National Certificate (HNC) diplomas in the United Kingdom, as well as, the MSc and BSc diplomas in Electrical
Engineering Slovakia. He serves as the Editor-in-Chief, Associate Editor-in-Chief, Co-Editor, and Guest-Editor. He speaks 16 languages and his biography was cited
in the Cambridge Blue Book, Cambridge Index of Biographies.
Abstract:
Future smart dental practice for the third millennium
The dental practice is fundamental to well-being and health to everyone. Given the current dynamic development in
electronic health records and telemedicine, the dental practice is utilizing advanced computer systems in support of
diagnosis and potential treatment. For many, the access to the dentist may not be easy due to the geographic location that may be very
far from the dental clinic. Having smart computational device capable of viewing the patient's tooth remotely may be the first step
to proper diagnosis and eventual treatment. The author promotes the creation of a global multi-disciplinary research team to work
together on future technologies that will make dental practice accessible for everyone worldwide.
Karthik Vinayagamoorthi
Babson College, USA
Title: Innovative applications of digital marketing in the dental patient interaction lifecycle
Time : 17:05-17:30
Biography:
Karthik Vinayagamoorthi is an MBA student at Babson College, Wellesley, MA currently working at qPharmetra Pharmacometrics Consultancy as Digital Marketing
Manager. Prior to coming to the US, he began a $1.2 Mn startup called That1Card.com. 1.5 years into his startup he made That1Card the highest ranked Indian
e-commerce website as per Amazon’s Alexa ranking. Building on these successes, he continues to consult as a digital marketing strategy freelancer for several
B2B Omni channel companies.
Abstract:
Innovative applications of digital marketing in the dental patient interaction lifecycle
The patient interaction lifecycle for dentistry involves several touch points that make this process more intricate and
engaging compared to several other service industries. The various steps are identification, appointment making, reminder,
appointment modifications, rapport formation, treatment planning, recall & review, prophylaxis appointments, emergency
care, oral health education and anticipatory guidance. While digital marketing has only been viewed as a tool as for visibility
and therefore customer acquisition, its fundamentals can be applied to enhance the experience of the entire patient journey
and nurturing. SEO principles, Schema.org frameworks, Digital prompts, Tokens using decision trees and voice recognition,
digital dashboard monitoring, notification management, decision nurturing and email positioning, prescription APIs and
anticipation research through marketing analytics tools. This paper emphasizes the application of these principles in each step
of patient-dentist interaction.
Aditi Jain
Chhattisgarh Institute of Medical Sciences, India
Title: Comparative analysis of canal centering ratio, apical transportation, & remaining dentin thickness between single file system i.e. Oneshape and Waveone rotary by using cone beam computed tomography – An in-vitro study
Time : 17:30-17:55
Biography:
Aditi Jain working as an orthodontist, Chhattisgarh Institute of Medical Sciences, India
Abstract:
Comparative analysis of canal centering ratio, apical transportation, & remaining dentin thickness between
single file system i.e. oneshape and waveone rotary by using cone beam computed tomography: An in-vitro study
Aim: To compare the canal centering ability, apical transportation & remaining dentin thickness of One Shape & Wave One system in
curved root canal using CBCT.
Objective: To evaluate the efficiency of two rotary systems in maintaining original root canal anatomy in curved root canals.
Introduction: Successful root canal therapy depends on effective debridement of the root canal by eliminating debris & microorganisms
and shaping of the root canal system without deviating from the original anatomy. Ideally, during root canal preparation, the instruments
should always conform to and retain the original shape of the canal. The ability to keep the instruments centered is crucial in curved canals
and to deliver an accurate enlargement to the root canal without any unnecessary weakening to the root structure. When curvatures are
present, preparation becomes more difficult & there is a tendency for all preparation techniques to divert the prepared canal away from
the original axis. Endodontic mishaps are unfortunate occurrences that can occur during root canal treatment which includes ledging,
zipping, blockage, strip perforations & canal transportations. Centering is defined as the ability of the instrument to stay centered in the
canal. Factors that affect canal centering ability are the design of the instrument which includes cross-section, taper, tip size & flexibility.
Canal transportation is one of the most common mishaps during the instrumentation of curved root canals. When Transportation occurs,
it has two components - direction and deviation. The direction is an excessive dentine removal in a single direction of the main tooth
axis of the canal. The deviation is an undesirable departure from the original canal path, which is the distance in millimeters from the pre
and posts instrumented canal as a function of file action. According to the Glossary of Endodontic Terms of the American Association of
Endodontists in 2003 canal transportation is defined as: “The removal of canal structure on the outside curve in the apical half of the canal
due to the tendency of files to restore themselves their original linear shape during canal preparation”. Transportation in the apical third of
the root canal promotes the harboring of debris and residual microorganisms as a result of insufficient cleaning of the root canals & overreduction
of sound dentin & destruction of the integrity of the root. The etiology associated with an increased risk of canal transportation
include insufficiently designed access cavities, use of inflexible instruments, instrumentation technique, tip design, insufficient irrigation
during mechanical enlargement, unseen canal curvatures in two dimensional radiography, skill of operator & degree and radius of a root
canal curvature both induce a stress on the instruments.7,8,9,10 Radial lands support an edge of the cutting angle & help to distribute
the pressure of the blades more uniformly around the circumference of a curved canal and thus reduces apical transportation. The more
severely curved and the shorter the radius of curvature, the greater the risk of transportation. Deviation of the original trajectory of the
canal may result in damage of the apical foramen and loss of an apical stop. As a consequence, this will lead to extrusion of debris, irrigants,
or filling materials and subsequently An irritation of the periapical tissue. Recently, Wave One and One Shape represent single NiTi file
systems which are made of a special NiTi-alloy called M-Wire that is created by an innovative thermal-treatment process. one shape
(Micro-Mega, Besancon, France) is to be used in full continuous rotation whereas the WaveOne NiTi single-file system has been introduced
by Dentsply. The system is designed to be used with a reciprocating motion motor. The benefits of this M-Wire NiTi have increased
flexibility and improved resistance to cyclic fatigue. Thus, it is important to assess the canal centering ability of newly introduced single
file systems before they can be considered a viable replacement of full-sequence rotary file systems. In the past, methods for assessment of
canal transportation, RDT & centering ability included radiographic method, serial sectioning technique, photographic assessment, SEM
& computer manipulation technique. The above-mentioned methods were invasive in nature and accurate repositioning of pre and post
instrumented specimens is difficult and there is a disadvantage of loss of specimen, whereas radiographs provide the 2-dimensional image
of 3- dimensional object. Recently, a non-destructive technology has been advocated for pre and post instrumentation evaluation of canal
anatomy. CBCT utilizes a cone-shaped x-ray beam and an area detector that captures a cylindrical volume of data in one acquisition &
also used in the analysis of the root canal area and parameters such as canal transportation, centering ratio and the amount of root dentin
removed by endodontic instruments. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the canal transportation, centering
ability and RDT after instrumentation with One Shape & Waveone rotary system by using CBCT.
Conclusion: Within the limits of this present study, it was found that Wave One single reciprocation file has less canal transportation and
better centering ability & respects original canal anatomy better than one shape.
Ahmed Ibrahim Atalla
Cairo University, Egypt
Title: The efficiency of orthodontic mini-screw implants during incisors intrusion: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Time : 17:55-18:20
Biography:
Dr. Ahmed is serving as a lecturer at Orthodontic Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
Abstract:
The efficiency of orthodontic mini-screw implants during incisors intrusion: A systematic review and
meta-analysis
Introduction: The aim of this systematic review was to compare the effectiveness of temporary anchorage devices (TADs)
and conventional segmented arches (CSA) during incisor intrusion in adult patients with a deep bite and their adverse effects.
Methods: Four electronic databases were searched. In addition, articles were manually searched for using the reference lists
of relevant articles, grey literature and peer-reviewed orthodontic journals. Data from the retrieved articles were selected and
evaluated by two independent reviewers using a new systematic review software program, DistillerSR. A meta-analysis of raw
mean differences was performed.
Results: Initially, we retrieved 9600 articles, but the selection process resulted in 6 articles. The included studies ranged from
low to high in quality. Meta-analysis showed that TADs enabled 0.78 mm more upper incisor intrusion than the conventional
method (95% CI=0.28 to 1.29). There was no significant anchorage loss difference in the CSA group compared to the TAD
group (MD -3.68; 95% CI -7.41 to 0.05). Also, a significant molar tipping of 1.03 degrees was observed in the CSA group
(P=0.008) compared to the TAD group (MD -1.03; 95% CI -1.79 to -0.27).
Conclusions: The results of this meta-analysis showed that patients receiving TADs had 0.78 mm greater upper incisor
intrusion than patients receiving the conventional treatment. This was statistically significant but not clinically relevant. No
clinical difference was found between TADs and the conventional method of anchorage loss.
- Oral Cancer | Oral Health | Dental Health | Oral Submucous Fibrosis | Dental Hygiene | Dental Treatments
Location: Pollar Ditson
Chair
Jona J Sela
Sri Sukhmani Dental College and Hospital, India
Co-Chair
Roche Penafuerte Ruiz
KJR Dental Center Incorporated, Philippines
Session Introduction
Ramandeep Kaur Sohi
Sri Sukhmani Dental College and Hospital, India
Title: A paradigm shifts global trends of oral cancer: A call to action
Time : 10:45-11:10
Biography:
Ramandeep Kaur Sohi working as reader and HOD in the department of public health dentistry in Sri Sukhmani Dental College and Hospital, Derrabasi Punjab,
India. She had worked towards society by organizing free dental check-up and treatment camps. Tobacco cessation educational programs also done. She had done
approx. 17 publications. Attended national and international conferences.
Abstract:
A paradigm shifts global trends of oral cancer: A call to action
Oral cancer is a significant cause of public health concern in both developing and developed nations. Oral cancer is a widely
prevalent cancer type in developing countries and although it is less prevalent in developed western countries in recent
times a change in trend has been observed due to changes in lifestyle. Global estimates reveal that the incidence of oral cancer
varies from 1 to 10 cases per 100,000 people in most countries. Even though revolutionary changes have taken place in early
diagnosis and treatment planning in the last decade but there is any significant improvement in the five-year survival rate. For
control of oral cancer, an idea of the coverage of the same in the various regions is necessary. A changing trend in incidence and
prevalence of oral cancer has also been observed with more women and youngsters being affected by oral cancer. The present
paper is aimed to discuss the epidemiological situation and coverage of oral cancer in various regions to facilitate the health
policy makers in planning and implementing an effective prevention and control programme for oral cancer with emphasis on
recent data and study the trends in oral cancer globally.
Hassan Hussain Koshak
Riyadh Colleges of Dentistry and Pharmacy, KSA
Title: Medical considerations relating to the oral health
Time : 11:10-11:35
Biography:
Hassan H Koshak is a consultant in Periodontics and Implant Dentistry. Head of the Dental Department and Dental Educator, Director of Academic and Education
Affairs at Comprehensive Specialized Polyclinic, Ministry of Interior Security Forces Medical Services, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, where he has been since
2016. He received a Saudi Fellowship in Dental Implant from the Saudi Commission for Health Specialties, 2014-2016. He received a Saudi Board in Periodontics
from the Saudi Commission for Health Specialties, 2012-2014. He received his Master of Science in Dentistry (MSD) and a clinical certificate in Periodontics
from Riyadh Colleges of Dentistry and Pharmacy 2009-2012, Riyadh, KSA, with honours. Also, he received his advanced education in General Dentistry (AEGD)
from the University of South California School of Dentistry 2006-2008. And he received his Bachelor of dental medicine and surgery (BDS) from Faculty of Dental
Medicine and Surgery, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, KSA.
Abstract:
Medical considerations relating to the oral health
The human body is comprised of complex systems, which are interconnected with each other. Because of the way, the
human body is made, one organ of the body can have an impact on other organs of it. Oral health affects people physically
and psychologically and influences how they grow, enjoy life, look, speak, chew, taste food and socialize, as well as their feelings
of social well-being. The oral hygiene measures related to professional level, level of education and periodontal maintenance.
Some studies report that oral health has an impact on food choice and on the intake of key nutrients, causing various nutritional
problems. Recent researches on oral and general health have shown a link between the two. With more than 90% of systemic
diseases having oral symptoms. These symptoms can include swollen gums, sores, ulcers, dry mouth and more. The following
diseases are an example of a systemic disease which has symptoms expressed in the mouth like diabetes, leukemia, oral cancer,
pancreatic cancer, heart disease and kidney disease. Research has also shown that poor dental hygiene and gum disease can
directly increase the risk of heart disease, heart attack, diabetes, dementia, rheumatoid arthritis and even stroke. Women with
poor dental health have also shown higher rates of preterm and low birth weight children. To prevent these health issues,
practicing good oral hygiene is very important. People at an early age should get into good practices. Regular dental visits,
brushing regularly, flossing and watching what they eat are all important steps in preventing dental diseases and keeping them
in good health.
Sneha Shah
St Joseph’s Regional Medical Center, USA
Title: Medical considerations relating to the oral health
Time : 11:35-12:00
Biography:
Sneha Shah completed her DMD at the age of 26 years from Rutgers School of Dental Medicine graduating in the top quarter of her class. During an internship
in oral and maxillofacial surgery at St Joseph’s Regional Medical Center in Paterson, NJ, she was involved in the diagnosis and treatment of numerous patients
who developed oral squamous cell carcinoma in the setting of a longstanding history of betel nut chewing. She is currently in her first year of OMFS residency and
maintains an interest in the demographics and management of oral cancer.
Abstract:
Betel nut chewing in the greater New York/New Jersey area: Any consequence
According to the NYU Center for the study of Asian American Health, the New York City Metropolitan area is home to the
largest concentration of South Asians in the United States. The chewing of “betel nut” and related products is common
to these immigrants from countries including India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan and the Maldives among
others. Betel quid and its constituent areca nut are known risk factors for many oral and esophageal cancers. However, the
lack of awareness regarding adverse effects of the areca nut among its users, limited understanding of its cultural role among
healthcare providers and lack of global policy for control of the substance has resulted in what has been termed a global public
health emergency. Within a six-month period from October 2017 to March 2018, three cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma
among the South Asian immigrant population have been diagnosed at St. Joseph’s Regional Medical Center in Paterson, NJ and
treated using wide local excision and reconstructive flap surgery. In each case, the patient admitted to a history of ten or more
years of betel nut chewing. Considering these cases, the purpose of this article is to report on the incidence of oral squamous
cell carcinoma in the greater New York and New Jersey area secondary to betel nut use.
Vibha Singh
King George Medical University, India
Title: Evaluation of herbal preparation in management of oral submucous fibrosis
Time : 12:00-12:25
Biography:
Vibha Singh has completed her graduation and post-graduation from KG Medical University, Lucknow in 1990 and 1994, working as professor in the same
University. She has published 85 articles in reputed journals and serving as an editorial board member in many journals. She has a special interest in herbal
medicine
Abstract:
Evaluation of herbal preparation in the management of oral submucous fibrosis
Oral submucous fibrosis is a chronic debilitating disease and a well recognized potentially premalignant condition of the
oral cavity, various medical and surgical modalities have been used but results are not satisfactory owing to recurrence,
adverse effects, and some worsening condition. Our study comprised of 30 patients attending the department of oral and
maxillofacial surgery KG Medical University Lucknow, India. It was open-label randomized clinical trial 30 patients of clinically
diagnosed cases of OSMF. The herbal preparation was made and given to the patients for oral rinse and gargle for 3-5 minutes
twice a day for 4 months. Clinical evaluation was done every 15 days. Pre and post-interventional evaluation of biochemical
parameter, serum antioxidant, MDA, SOD, and Glutathione peroxidase were done, there was a marked improvement in clinical
as well as biochemical parameters.
Ghaidaa Ureiga
Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
Title: Caries risk factors for children seen in Ieddah speciality dental center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Time : 12:25-12:50
Biography:
Ghaidaa Ureiga, a general dentist from Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. In September 2014, I received my BDS degree from Al-Batarji Medical College (BMC) in Jeddah.
From August 2014 to 2015, I have completed my internship program at BMC, Jeddah Specialty Dental Center (JSDC), King Fahad Hospital and Jeddah Maternity
and Children’s Hospital, mainly in the pediatric dentistry and maxillofacial clinics. From January 2016 to May 2018, I have joined the pediatric dentistry department
at JSDC, Ministry of Health (MOH) as a trainee. Since 2014, I have joined the research team in the pediatric dentistry department at JSDC, MOH. Currently, I am
exclusively practicing pediatric dentistry in a private clinic.
Abstract:
Caries risk factors for children seen in Jeddah specialty dental center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Ghaidaa Ureiga1, Linda Mirza2, and Mohammad Dahlan3
1,2,3Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
Dental caries is the most common chronic infectious disease in children affecting both sexes. It is multifactorial in
origin that is influenced by biomedical factors (diet, microorganism, and tooth) and the social determinants of health.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between dental caries and gender, body mass index (BMI) and
socioeconomic status (SES) in Saudi children aged 2-12-year-old seen in Jeddah Speciality Dental Center. The study included
59 caries-free children and 118 children with caries experience. Personal data and family SES were assessed by a questionnaire.
Children were examined for caries according to WHO criteria. Based on the age and sex-specific Centre for Disease Control
and Prevention (CDC) 2000 growth charts, the weight status of the children were categorized by the BMI percentile into 4
groups: underweight (< 5th percentile), normal weight (5th to < 85th percentile), overweight (85th to < 95th percentile) and
obese (≥ 95th percentile). BMI percentile values for the children was generated using a web-based calculator on a CDC website
(http://apps.nccd.cdc.gov/dnpabmi/Calculator.aspx)5. Of 177 participated children, 47% (n=84) were males. The mean age of
children was 5.8 years. Chi-square test showed that there is no association between caries status and gender and BMI groups,
p-value = 0.74 and 0.87, respectively. However, the significant association between dental caries and lower family monthly
income was observed with p-value < 0.001. Additionally, caries experience was also associated with the lower parental educational
level (p-value ≤ 0.001). No significant associations of dental caries were found with gender and all 4 categories of BMI for
the selected age in this study sample. Pairwise comparison showed the negative association between dental caries and SES.
Moreover, a significantly less number of children with caries was observed for highly educated mothers.
- Oral Health | Dental Grafting | Pediatric Dentistry | Implant Dentistry | Dental Surgery
Location: Pollar Ditson
Chair
Jona J Sela
Hebrew University, Israel
Co-Chair
Roche Penafuerte Ruiz
KJR Dental Center Incorporated, Philippines
Session Introduction
Naiya Hitesh Shah
AMC Dental College and Hospital, India
Title: Oral submucous fibrosis-A dreadful malady for the ages
Time : 16:45-17:05
Biography:
Naiya Shah is currently in her final year of post-graduation in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. She has completed her Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) in 2015.
In her day to day routine, she performs a multitude of minor surgical procedures such as surgical removal of impacted teeth, enucleation of cysts, placement of
implants, performing biopsies, multidisciplinary clinical procedures like pre-prosthetic surgeries, apicectomy, gingival recontouring etc. Over and above that, she
has assisted many cases of maxillofacial trauma, oncosurgeries, surgical excision of bony pathologies, oral reconstruction procedures etc. She has attended
many conferences/workshops/hands-on programmes during her on-going masters, on intricate topics such as Maxillofacial Trauma, TMJ Disorders, Implants,
Hair-transplant and Cosmetic surgeries like Rhinoplasty and Genioplasty. She played a pivotal role in the organization of CDE programmes: Live BIMAX Surg-
2017 (Orthodontic Workshop) and Implantology- “Beyond Horizon”. She has also done a poster and oral presentations at various state and national conferences
Abstract:
Oral submucous fibrosis- A dreadful malady for the ages
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) has been well established in Indian Medical Literature since the time of Sushruta. In
modern literature, this condition was first described by Schwartz in 1952. It is a chronic, insidious, progressive, irreversible,
crippling fibrotic disorder which not only involves the submucosa of the oral cavity and oropharynx but sometimes also
the esophagus and rarely the larynx. OSMF is well recognized “precancerous condition” which is characterized by changes
in the connective tissue fibers of the lamina propria and its deeper parts leading to stiffness of the mucosa and ultimately
restricted mouth opening. All forms of tobacco, excessive chili consumption, nutritional deficiencies, areca nut/betel nut usage,
immunologic derangements and much more have been suggested in its pathogenesis, but areca nut is implicated as the prime
etiologic agent. Areca nut chewing is a habit practiced predominately in Southeast Asia and India since time immemorial, but
alarmingly this condition is now being reported from Western countries as well. Reduced mouth opening, inability to whistle
or blow out, recurrent oral ulcers, burning sensation in the mouth, difficulty in swallowing, nasal voice, hesitation while
socializing with others etc., adversely influence the quality of life of such patients. OSMF’s malignant potential, psychological
distress, restriction of social activities, diminished physical health, economic problems related to treatment are bourgeoning
matters of concern which demand our pressing attention. These appeals for treatment of OSMF which aims at the release of
fibrosis to provide a long-term stable mouth opening primarily. Various treatment modalities are practiced at our institution
for the management of OSMF, which will be discussed in this oral presentation.
Greta Kersyte
Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Lithuania
Title: Human dentin as an autologous bone grafting material
Biography:
Greta Kersyte is a third-year dental student from Lithuanian University of Health Sciences (LUHS). A delegate of Lithuania in International Association of Dental
Students (IADS) and a Liaison Officer of Editorial Board for IADS Magazine where she has written 9 articles so far. She has been doing practice in Maxillofacial
and Oral Surgery department in LUHS, also has done an Erasmus exchange program in University of Barcelona. From the first year very interested in the surgical
field and doing a clinical study about the usage of autologous dentin.
Abstract:
Human dentin as an autologous bone grafting material
Regenerative dentistry has a need to develop better bone grafting materials. Bone augmentations and guided bone regeneration
(GBR) offers the clinician a chance to solve the problem of space deficiency due to morphologic and pathologic problems
of insufficient bone volume or space. Bone grafting materials are commonly categorized into 4 major categories: autogenous
bone, alloplastic bone, allograft bone, xenograft bone. There has been made many studies on how each type of bone graft is
effective in the GBR procedure and autologous bone graft is considered by many to be the "golden standard" due to its ability for
osteogenesis, osteoinduction and osteoconduction. Its advantage is the rapid healing time without immune rejection. However
the shortcomings of an autologous bone are that the harvest amount is limited, resorption after the graft is unavoidable and
that there is another surgical site for the patient other than the area of the defect. We are studying the use of autologous bone
as grafting material for alveolar socket preservation after the third molar extraction. In control group after 3 months (n=11)
the depth of periodontal socket was 4.63 +- 0.48mm whereas in study group (n=13) 1.43 +-0.35mm. Patients also confirmed
that food stuck less to the site which was grafted. So this video presentation will focus on human dentin which can be used as
an autologous bone grafting material.